Table 3 |
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Relationship between freedom status and health status by tertile |
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OR (and 95% CI) |
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Life expectancy |
Infant mortality |
Maternal mortality ratio |
% low birth weight infants |
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Variable |
Unadjusted |
Adjusted* |
Unadjusted |
Adjusted* |
Unadjusted |
Adjusted* |
Unadjusted |
Adjusted* |
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Total proportion of free years§ |
Low vs. High |
12.0 (5.5-26.0) |
7.2 (2.3-22.6) |
17.5 (7.9-38.6) |
19.6 (5.6-67.7) |
25.5 (10.6-61.5) |
24.3 (6.2-94.9) |
4.7 (2.3-9.7) |
3.8 (1.4-10.8) |
|
Med vs. High |
5.1 (2.4-10.7) |
2.1 (0.7-6.0) |
6.2 (3.0-13.0) |
3.0 (1.0-8.4) |
9.2 (4.0-21.2) |
4.0 (1.2-12.8) |
3.8 (1.9-7.8) |
2.6 (1.0-6.6) |
|
|
Duration of Free Status (years)† |
Low vs. High |
21.4 (5.1-90.4) |
6.6 (0.8-55.3) |
29.1 (5.7-147.6) |
3.6 (0.4-30.7) |
18.3 (4.3-78.4) |
1.9 (0.2-16.7) |
4.1 (1.4-12.3) |
2.4 (0.5-12.6) |
|
Med vs. High |
10.8 (2.6-45.0) |
3.1 (0.3-31.8) |
13.7 (2.8-67.9) |
1.2 (0.1-12.8) |
3.8 (0.8-17.6) |
0.4 (0.03-5.3) |
2.2 (0.8-6.4) |
1.6 (0.3-8.3) |
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|
Duration of Partially Free Status (years)‡ |
Low vs. High |
3.7 (1.0-13.0) |
4.8 (0.9-25.3) |
3.9 (1.1-14.0) |
6.1 (1.0-36.8) |
3.6 (1.0-13.6) |
3.4 (0.6-19.1) |
1.5 (0.4-5.6) |
1.3 (0.3-6.3) |
|
Med vs. High |
3.67 (1.1-12.6) |
5.1 (1.1-24.3) |
4.599 (1.3-16.5) |
11.3 (1.9-68.9) |
4.295 (1.1-16.3) |
7.2 (1.3-41.1) |
2.28 (0.6-8.0) |
5.8 (1.1-32.4) |
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Duration of Not Free Status (years)¥ |
Low vs. High |
1.4 (0.3-5.9) |
1.1 (0.0-24.1) |
2.2 (0.5-9.9) |
23.1 (0.2- > 1000.0) |
1.1 (0.3-4.8) |
0.3 (0.0-4.6) |
1.7 (0.4-6.6) |
3.7 (0.3-48.7) |
|
Med vs. High |
0.6 (0.2-2.1) |
0.8 (0.1-12.5) |
0.6 (0.2-2.5) |
22.3 (0.3- > 1000.0) |
0.5 (0.1-1.7) |
0.6 (0.0-11.3) |
1.8 (0.5-6.6) |
8.4 (0.6-111.8) |
|
|
GINI§ |
Low vs. High |
6.9 (3.1-15.3) |
4.8 (1.8-12.8) |
6.8 (3.1-14.8) |
6.8 (2.4-20.0) |
10.9 (4.7-25.2) |
16.1 (5.1-51.4) |
4.9 (2.3-10.5) |
3.2 (1.3-7.8) |
|
Med vs. High |
1.9 (0.9-4.0) |
1.5 (0.6-3.7) |
1.8 (0.9-3.8) |
2.3 (0.9-5.7) |
2.5 (1.2-5.3) |
3.1 (1.2-8.3) |
2.0 (1.0-4.1) |
1.8 (0.8-4.1) |
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OR = odds ratio * All adjusted for GINI, GNI/capita, total government expenditure, and % GDP spent on health except GINI (regression is adjusted for total proportion of free years, GNI/capita, total government expenditure, and % GDP spent on health). § Includes all states, n = 181 † Includes Free states as of 2005, n = 80 ‡ Includes Partially Free states as of 2005, n = 57 ¥ Includes Not Free states as of 2005, n = 44 |
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Biggs et al. Globalization and Health 2010 6:11 doi:10.1186/1744-8603-6-11 |
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