Table 5

Association between reductions in infant and child mortality and change^§ in access to water and sanitation

% Reduction in mortality

OR of achieving top two tertiles of

increased water access (95% CI)

OR of achieving top two tertiles of

increased sanitation access (95% CI)

Indicator

Range (%)

Unadjusted

Adjusted^†

Unadjusted

Adjusted^†

IMR

<5.13

1.0

(reference)

1.0

(reference)

1.0

(reference)

1.0

(reference)

5.13-11.82

1.55

(0.43-5.64)

1.56

(0.38-6.39)

1.09

(0.26-4.62)

1.80

(0.36-8.95)

>11.82

1.32

(0.39-4.54)

1.39

(0.34-5.64)

3.41

(0.73-15.81)

8.00*

(1.30-49.34)

CMR

<5.46

1.0

(reference)

1.0

(reference)

1.0

(reference)

1.0

(reference)

5.46-16.06

1.71

(0.47-6.22)

1.74

(0.42-7.21)

0.89

(0.21-3.79)

1.32

(0.26-6.61)

>16.06

1.50

(0.44-5.17)

1.52

(0.37-6.21)

4.06

(0.86-19.18)

9.08*

(1.44-57.45)

§: Absolute (and not relative) change in percent access to water and sanitation

*: Significant at the alpha = 0.05 level

†: Adjusted for land area, Gross Domestic Product ($PPP), and per capita government health expenditure 2006

OR: Odds ratios, CI: Confidence Interval, CMR: Child mortality rate, IMR: Infant mortality rate

Botting et al. Globalization and Health 2010 6:12   doi:10.1186/1744-8603-6-12